Humoral and Cellular Patterns of Early Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Relation to the Cardiovascular Risk in Axial Spondylarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Spondylarthritis (SpA) significantly affects sacroiliac, intervertebral and peripheral joints. Patients with SpA suffer from increased cardiovascular risk (CVR). The endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) system critically perpetuates vascular repair. The aim of the study was to evaluate circulating EPCs in axial (ax)SpA with special attention on parameters of disease activity and CVR. Methods: Disease activity and functional impairment were quantified in 50 axSpA patients by using standardized parameters (Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), C-reactive protein (CRP), finger-floor distance (FFD) and Ott’ sign). Circulating EPCs and EPC regeneration were analyzed (fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and colony-forming unit (CFU) assay). Serum vasomodulatory mediators were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: EPC colony numbers were lower in axSpA as compared to controls. Females displayed more colonies than males. In addition, fewer colonies were observed in smokers, in patients with a BASDAI of below 4 and in hypertension. Circulating CD133 + /KDR + cells did not differ between the groups. Follow-up analysis (33 months later) did not show any differences in gender, colony formation, CD133 + /KDR + cells or serum levels of vasomodulatory mediators if related to the categories of BASDAI, Ott’ sign or FFD. Conclusions: EPC colony formation is significantly affected in axSpA with particularly low levels in males. EPC-related parameters do not allow predicting disease activity-related or functional parameters nor are they useful for CVR assessment in SpA. J Clin Med Res. 2019;11(6):391-400 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr3441w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".