T Wave Amplitude Deviation as a Participation Marker of Glycolysis in Myocardial Repolarization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Glucose metabolism is essential for heart physiology, especially in ischemic conditions. Anaerobic glycolysis participates along with aerobic fatty acid oxidation in generating energy supply, and the balance is shifted towards fatty acids. In the case of aerobic path restriction due to coronary artery disease (CAD), this ratio changes. The aim of the present research was to discover the aspects of glycolysis in cardiac electrophysiology. We utilized the normalized (by average value) T wave amplitude deviation values, named the G criterion, from high-resolution, 12-channel, 120-seconds-long electrocardiograms, which were obtained using DACG technology. The calculated G criterion allows a quantitative assessment of the ischemic process and corresponds to the functional class (FC) according to the Canadian cardiovascular classification. We examined 22 healthy people and 79 proven CAD patients: 24 II FC, 40 III FC and 15 IV FC by original ECG and fasting blood sugar tests. A strong correlation was found between the average G criterion from all 12 channels and the level of fasting blood sugar (r = +0.88). In the control group, blood sugar levels were 91 ± 6.5 mg/dl, II FC 103 ± 14.8 mg/dl (p < 0.01), III FC 113 ± 23.4 mg/dl (p < 0.001), and IV FC 152 ± 42.4 (p < 0.001). Moreover, the correlation factor (average G criterion and blood sugar) was strong and positive in each group: control +0.72, II FC +0.83, III FC +0.76, and IV FC +0.89. For the first time, heart electrical activity from the ECG curve was associated with high glucose level as one of the main CAD risk factors. The presence of such dependence of increased blood sugar level from the severity of the ischemic process in the myocardium indicates that hyperglycemic reaction is adaptive and can accelerate the anaerobic glycolysis for energy demand compensation in heart muscle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".