Long-term outcomes with teriflunomide in patients with clinically isolated syndrome: Results of the TOPIC extension study★★
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In the phase 3 TOPIC study, teriflunomide significantly reduced the risk of relapse determining conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) in patients with clinically isolated syndrome, versus placebo. We assessed clinical and safety outcomes associated with extended teriflunomide treatment in the TOPIC extension study. METHODS: Patients who completed the TOPIC core study (including those still on study at early termination) or converted to CDMS after at least 24 weeks in the core study were eligible to participate in the extension. The primary efficacy endpoint in the extension was time to conversion to CDMS. RESULTS: Risk of relapse determining conversion to CDMS was 47.1% lower in patients treated with teriflunomide 14 mg during the core and extension studies compared with patients treated with placebo during the core study and teriflunomide 14 mg during the extension. The incidence of adverse events was 75.8% and 81.9% for 7 and 14 mg teriflunomide, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced risk of relapse determining conversion to CDMS in patients with early MS receiving teriflunomide 14 mg in the core study remained throughout the extension supporting the benefits of early treatment. No new safety signals were observed for teriflunomide 7 or 14 mg.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".