Childhood Traumas, Attachment and Alexithymia in Adolescents with Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizure Type of Conversion Disorder
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In this cross-sectional study, childhood traumas, attachment security and alexithymia in adolescents with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) were compared with those of adolescents without any psychiatric disorder using both semi-structured clinical interviews and self-report scales. METHOD: This study included 42 adolescents with PNES aged between 12-18 and 38 healthy adolescents who were matched with the study group in respect to socio-demographic variables. All adolescents and their parents were interviewed using Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version in order to evaluate psychiatric disorders. Clinician- Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Scale for Children and Adolescents was used to examine the presence of PTSD symptoms. All adolescents completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28, Short Form of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. RESULTS: Adolescents with PNES had more emotional and sexual traumatic experiences and PTSD symptoms compared to the control group. PNES group perceived higher "communication" but lower "trust" in attachment relationships with their mothers and fathers. Higher alexithymia and lower self-esteem were determined in the PNES group. Childhood traumas, lifetime PTSD symptoms and alexithymia were found to be significant risk factors for PNES in adolescents. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that comorbid psychiatric disorders, traumatic experiences, attachment problems and alexithymia need to be evaluated and treated in adolescents with PNES.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it