Boriding and boronitrocarburising effects on hardness,wear and corrosion behavior of AISI 4130 steel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of boriding and boronitrocarburising surface treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 4130 steel have been investigated. Pack boriding was carried out at 1223 K for 5 h and 8 h, while the double treatment of boronitrocarburising consisted of salt bath nitrocarburising at 853 K for 6 h followed by pack boriding at the same temperature and times as the boriding treatment. Microstructure examination of the borided and boronitrocarburised layers was carried out using optical and scanning electron microscopy, and phase identification was obtained using X-ray diffraction. Vickers hardness, wear and corrosion weight loss tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of superhard phases such as FeB, Fe2B, CrB, MnB and MnB2, indicating that pack boriding surface treatment conducted at 1223 K for 8 h exhibited the highest hardness, low coefficient of friction and the greatest wear resistance. Boronitrocarburising treatment, on the other hand, caused a reduction in both the depth of iron borides zone and mechanical properties compared to the boriding surface treatment. These recommended treatments offer to industrialists a particular contribution and interest in the development of these steels, which can be applied in various fields.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".