A wavelength interrogator employing tapered hollow waveguides and a low-cost silicon board camera
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on a multi-channel wavelength interrogator for the 850 nm wavelength region, constructed by coupling an integrated array of multi-mode, tapered hollow waveguides to a low-cost silicon-based image sensor. The waveguides are clad by omnidirectional Bragg reflectors, such that guided light is radiated in an out-of-plane direction near and at cutoff. Wavelength shifts were extracted using a simple centroid detection algorithm applied to the terminal cutoff point. This concept combines the small size of a Fabry Perot filter with the dispersive property of a diffraction grating. By imaging multiple tapered waveguides onto a single image sensor with each waveguide coupled to a different fiber, simultaneous extraction of wavelength shifts from several wavelength-multiplexed sensors can be achieved in a very compact package. The prototype described provides resolution on the order of 5 pm and can accommodate ~ 20 sensors spaced by 5 nm on each of the 4 fiber input channels. Enhanced capacity and performance are anticipated through future improvements in waveguide materials and the use of more advanced image processing algorithms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".