Factors Affecting the Distribution, Biomass, and Life Stages of <i>Sargassum</i> spp. in the Northwest Arabian Gulf
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The developmental stages of Sargassum along with physicochemical factors affect the Sargassum biomass and, thus, affect the size of the habitat used by various fauna and flora. In this study, Sargassum spp. were collected from four stations in Kuwait coastal waters that are mainly distinguished by their levels of turbidity. Investigations revealed that the effects of season (i.e., temperature and sunlight) and turbidity on differences in Sargassum biomass were significant (chi-square = 6.1, degrees of freedom (df) = 2, p = 0.048), but the effects of Sargassum species (chi-square = 5.4, df = 2, p = 0.067) and their life stages (chi-square = 6.73, df = 4, p = 0.15) on Sargassum biomass were not significant. The lack of significant effects of Sargassum spp. on biomass could be because the majority of the collected Sargassum are of one species, S. angustifolium. As for the effect of life stages on Sargassum biomass, this could be because the majority of the stages encountered are juveniles or spent, which are found almost equally among all species. These stages were encountered particularly in spring and summer, mainly at the medium- and low-turbidity stations. The distribution of Sargassum spp. showed strong localization, in which the species inhabiting high-turbidity stations were different from those inhabiting clear waters. This study revealed that the effects of season and turbidity on Sargassum spp. and their life stages on Sargassum biomass represent a reference point for further monitoring studies in northwestern Arabian Gulf.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".