Member Stiffness for Frame Analysis of GFRP Reinforced Concrete Structures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The ACI 318 Building Code provides flexural EI stiffness values for elastic analysis of steel reinforced concrete buildings, with a moment of inertia 𝐼𝐼 equal to 0.7𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for columns, 0.35𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for beams, and 0.25𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for flat slabs at factored loads (1.0𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for columns, 0.5𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for beams, and 0. 35𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for flat slabs at service loads). This paper recommends design values of the moment of inertia for analysis of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete members based on current ACI 440 design requirements. Results at the factored load level suggest using a value of 𝐼𝐼 equal to 0.4𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for columns and 0.15𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for beams and slabs. At the service load level, recommended values are increased by 50 percent to give 0. 6𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for columns and 0.225𝐼𝐼𝑔𝑔 for beams and slabs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".