Development of Highly pH-Sensitive Hybrid Membranes by Simultaneous Electrospinning of Amphiphilic Nanofibers Reinforced with Graphene Oxide
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nanofibrous-based pH sensors have shown promise in a wide range of industrial and medical applications due to their fast response time and good mechanical properties. In the present study, we fabricated pH-sensitive sensors of nanofibrous membranes by electrospinning polyurethane (PU)/poly 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (PAMPS)/graphene oxide (GO) with indicator dyes. The morphology of the electrospun nanofibers was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of hydrophilic polymer ratio and concentration of GO on the sensing response time was investigated. The sensitivity of the membranes was studied over a wide pH range (1-8) in solution tests, with color change measured by calculating total color difference using UV-vis spectroscopy. The membranes were also subjected to vapor tests at three different pH values (1, 4, 8). SEM results show the successful fabrication of bimodal fiber diameter distributions of PU (mean fiber diameter 519 nm) and PAMPS (mean fiber diameter 78 nm). Sensing response time decreased dramatically with increasing concentrations of PAMPS and GO. The hybrid hydrophobic/hydrophilic/GO nanofibrous membranes are capable of instantly responding to changes in solution pH as well as detecting pH changes in chemical vapor solution in as little as 7 s.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it