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The Association Between Familial Risk and Brain Abnormalities Is Disease Specific: An ENIGMA-Relatives Study of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
Sonja M. C. de Zwarte, Rachel M. Brouwer, Ingrid Agartz, Martin Alda, André Alemán, Kathryn Alpert, Carrie E. Bearden, Alessandro Bertolino, Catherine Bois, Aurora Bonvino, Elvira Bramon, Elizabeth E.L. Buimer, Wiepke Cahn, Dara M. Cannon, Tyrone D. Cannon, Xavier Caseras, Josefina Castro‐Fornieles, Qiang Chen, Yoonho Chung, Elena de la Serna, Annabella Di Giorgio, Gaëlle E. Doucet, Çağdaş Eker, Susanne Erk, Scott C. Fears, Sonya Foley, Sophia Frangou, Andrew Frankland, Janice M. Fullerton, David C. Glahn, Vina M. Goghari, Aaron L. Goldman, Ali Saffet Gönül, Oliver Gruber, Lieuwe de Haan, Tomáš Hájek, Emma L. Hawkins, Andreas Heinz, Manon H. J. Hillegers, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Christina M. Hultman, Martin Ingvar, Viktoria Johansson, Erik G. Jönsson, Fergus Kane, Matthew J. Kempton, Marinka M. G. Koenis, Miloslav Kopeček, Lydia Krabbendam, Bernd Krämer, Stephen M. Lawrie, Rhoshel Lenroot, Machteld Marcelis, Jan‐Bernard C. Marsman, Venkata S. Mattay, Colm McDonald, Andreas Meyer‐Lindenberg, Stijn Michielse, Philip B. Mitchell, Dolores Moreno, Robin Murray, Benson Mwangi, Pablo Najt, Emma Neilson, Jason Newport, Jim van Os, Bronwyn J. Overs, Ayşegül Özerdem, Marco Picchioni, Anja Richter, Gloria Roberts, Peter R. Schofield, Fatma Şimşek, Jair C. Soares, Gisela Sugranyes, Timothea Toulopoulou, Giulia Tronchin, Henrik Walter, Lei Wang, Daniel R. Weinberger, Heather C. Whalley, Nefize Yalın, Ole A. Andreassen, Christopher R. K. Ching, Theo G.M. van Erp, Jessica A. Turner, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M. Thompson, René S. Kahn, Neeltje E.M. van Haren
Bibliographic record
VenueBiological Psychiatry · 2019
Typereview
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSchizophrenia research and treatment
Canadian institutionsUniversity of TorontoDalhousie University
FundersEuropean Regional Development FundMedical Research CouncilNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchSchool of MedicineNational Institutes of HealthH. Lundbeck A/SNorges IdrettshøgskoleNorges ForskningsrådVetenskapsrådetNational Institute of Mental HealthStockholms Läns LandstingKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseMinisterio de Economía y CompetitividadNational Health and Medical Research CouncilEge ÜniversitesiMarie CurieDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftMinisterstvo Zdravotnictví Ceské RepublikyEuropean CommissionKing's College LondonNational Institute on AgingDokuz Eylül ÜniversitesiDepartment of Health and Aged Care, Australian GovernmentNational Institute for Health and Care ResearchWellcome TrustUniversity College LondonNova Scotia Health Research FoundationLieber Institute for Brain DevelopmentNIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust/Institute of Cancer ResearchASCRS Research FoundationDalhousie UniversityKing’s College LondonOtsuka PharmaceuticalKarolinska InstitutetNational Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and DepressionZonMwInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIBoehringer IngelheimFundación Alicia KoplowitzBrainsWayBiogenBritish Medical AssociationNational Science FoundationStanley Medical Research InstituteCilagBrain and Behavior Research Foundation
KeywordsSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Bipolar disorderAssociation (psychology)PsychiatryDiseasePsychologyFirst-degree relativesMedicineClinical psychologyInternal medicineFamily historyPsychotherapistCognition
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.388
Threshold uncertainty score0.816
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.067
GPT teacher head0.351
Teacher spread0.283 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreReview
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations121
Published2019
Admission routes2
Has abstractno