Or Rosenboim. The Emergence of Globalism: Visions of World Order in Britain and the United States, 1939–1950.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Or Rosenboim’s The Emergence of Globalism: Visions of World Order in Britain and the United States, 1939–1950 offers an “intellectual history” of globalist “visions of world order” in Britain and the United States during the 1940s (2). Beginning in the late 1930s, a time of escalating international tensions, a host of British and American thinkers turned their attention to the subject of international order, a process bolstered by the onset of the Second World War. The urgent task became that of recasting international relations in order to create a more peaceful, more stable, and even more just world. The result, as Rosenboim’s stimulating study indicates, was a profusion of “visions” that shared several features: a suspicion of unrestrained national sovereignty; a view of democracy as fundamental but also potentially problematic in its practice; and a dawning recognition that the future did not belong to empires. But for Rosenboim the most telling commonality of these visions is their attention to a globalizing “political space,” conceived of as overlapping forms “progressing from the state to the region, the empire, the federation, and finally the universe” (20). Although people in earlier periods had thought about global order, Rosenboim argues that the 1940s constituted a “foundational moment” (282) because of the “moral claims” advanced regarding “the normative value of both universalism and pluralism” (280). The thinkers she examines strove to imagine a postwar world whose political configuration would recognize and even foster the myriad political, social, and cultural differences among peoples, while also ensuring that individuals, wherever they were, possessed some minimum of common rights and obligations. It is no coincidence that the visions of world order under study contrasted sharply with those associated with the Axis states (Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan) as well as with the Soviet Union.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.036 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".