Self-Assembled Morphologies of Lamella-Forming Block Copolymers Confined in Conical Nanopores
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Block copolymers (BCPs) under nanoscale confinement can self-assemble to form novel nanostructures that are not available in the bulk state. Particularly, the ordering process of block copolymers and the resulting morphologies depend sensitively on the dimensionality, geometry, and surface property of the confining environment. In this study, we report on the self-assembled morphologies of polystyrene- block -1,4-polybutadiene (PS- b -PB) confined in conical pores of various sizes, shapes, and surface properties. Based on the experimental observations from transmission electron microscopy and theoretical calculation using the simulated annealing method, we found that the phase separation of PS- b -PB under the conical confinement is competitively determined by three thermodynamic factors: (1) the interfacial energy between two blocks, (2) the surface energy between the blocks and the surrounding environment (i.e., air and substrates), and (3) the entropic penalty associated with the large curvature at the vertices of conical pores. In addition, three-dimensional imaging of transmission electron microtomography was also performed in an attempt to gain more detailed information on the internal nanostructures of the BCP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".