Dermal regeneration template and vacuum sealing drainage for treatment of traumatic degloving injuries of upper extremity in a single‐stage procedure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a single-stage procedure using single-layer Pelnac and defatted avulsed skin for the management of degloving injuries of the forearm and hand. METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted from March 2013 to May 2017. A total of 15 consecutive patients with degloving injuries of the forearm and hand were treated with a single-stage procedure using single-layer Pelnac and defatted avulsed skin as a split-thickness skin graft. Post-operatively, scheduled follow-up was conducted. RESULTS: The overall 'take' rate of the Pelnac dermal template and the skin graft was 85-100%. No infections, haematoma or seroma were observed during hospitalization and after discharge. At the final follow-up, patients' subjective satisfaction with the aesthetic appearance of the grafted areas was, on average, 71.0 (SD 8.0, range 55-92). The Vancouver Scar Scale value was 2.1 (SD 1.8, range 1.0-5.5), representing a good result. The response of 'normal or near normal' to the sensory recovery was obtained for 13 patients and 'slight loss' for two patients. The average Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 21.2 (SD 13.5, range 0-53), and most patients (14/15) regained the ability to perform the daily activities without pain or restriction by tissue adhesion. CONCLUSION: This single-stage procedure represents an effective technique for the management of degloving injuries of the forearm and hand and should be considered an alternative to other reconstructive procedures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".