ABA Alleviates Uptake and Accumulation of Zinc in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) by Inducing Expression of ZIP and Detoxification-Related Genes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress phytohormone which can mitigate heavy metal toxicity. Exogenous ABA and ABA mimic 1 (AM1) were applied to study the influence on Zn uptake and accumulation in Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Merlot’ seedlings exposed to excess Zn. The seedlings were treated with either normal or excess levels of Zn in combination with ABA and AM1 applications. The excess Zn exposure resulted in decreased lateral root length, decreased photosynthesis, elevated uptake and accumulation of Zn in roots, trunks, and stems, increased content of jasmonic acid in roots and leaves, and induced the expression of Zn transportation and detoxification related genes. Exogenous applications of ABA, but not AM1, alleviated the over-uptake and accumulation of Zn in roots and trunks at 10 days after Zn exposure and induced higher expression of both ZIP genes and detoxification-related genes. These results indicate that exogenous ABA enhances the tolerance of grape seedlings to excess Zn, and that AM1 is not a suitable ABA mimic compound for Zn stress alleviation in grapes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".