A Portable 3D Printed 2DOF Arm Exoskeleton for Rehabilitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Traditional rehabilitation treatments for stroke patients are often limited in their scope; the location, availability and capacity of a physiotherapist in addition to methods of quantifying treatment effectiveness may all be restricting factors yet are also crucial in providing a successful therapy to patients. Rehabilitation robotics is an evolving field with the potential to increase therapeutic effectiveness. We thus have developed a portable robotic arm orthosis (RAO) capable of actuating a user’s arm in 2 Degrees of Freedom (2DOF), namely elbow flexion and extension and forearm pronation and supination. The exoskeleton is fabricated from lightweight materials, 3D printed ABS and carbon fibre, and is battery operated. Motion sensors incorporated in the RAO allow movement control and analyses. The paper will review the mechanical properties and performance of the device. Several tests are performed to confirm the design parameters are met. Finally we suggest treatment alternatives as well as future orthoses advancements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".