Ophiostoma ulmi DNA naturally introgressed into an isolate of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi is clustered around pathogenicity and mating type loci
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The invasive fungal pathogens Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi have caused two successive pandemics of Dutch elm disease since the beginning of the 20 th century. In nature, the highly aggressive O. novo-ulmi may hybridize with the less aggressive O. ulmi . Growth rate and molecular analyses were conducted on an unusual, moderately aggressive O. novo-ulmi isolate, AST27, carrying an introgressed pathogenicity gene, Pat1-m ; on highly aggressive O. novo-ulmi isolate H327; on O. ulmi isolates Q412T and W9; and on progeny from laboratory crosses between H327 and AST27. Genetic analysis indicated that the Pat1 and Mat1 (mating type) loci were in different linkage groups corresponding to O. novo-ulmi H327 chromosomes 1 and 2, respectively. Most of the molecular differences between the nuclear genomes of H327 and AST27 occurred in the vicinity of Pat1 and Mat1 . In addition, two putative quanti-tative trait loci, Mgr1 and Mgr2 , which influence mycelial growth rate at 21°C and 28°C, the optima for O. novo-ulmi and O. ulmi , were linked to Mat1 and Pat1 , respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".