Is Dolly Varden in Arctic Alaska Increasing in Length in a Warming Climate?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The body condition, abundance, and size of several vertebrate taxa occupying the Alaskan and Canadian Arctic have increased in this rapidly changing environment. Presently, anecdotal stakeholder reports suggest that anadromous populations of Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma in Arctic Alaska are attaining greater maximum sizes than reported in the past. However, growth analyses have not been conducted for any substantial period of time. To qualitatively examine one facet of growth, we reviewed scientific journal articles, gray literature, and unpublished data for reported maximum lengths of Dolly Varden from the Chukchi and Beaufort seas collected over the past ∼50 y (1969–2015). Regression analyses of maximum length of Dolly Varden from 1969 to 2015 support the observations that the maximum size of this species is likely increasing in a changing Arctic. These results, coupled with the lack of comprehensive growth data, highlight the importance of long-term monitoring of organismal responses to a changing environment and provide valuable direction for future research on this important subsistence resource for Indigenous peoples who inhabit the Arctic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".