Influence of Area Ratio and Chloride Concentration on the Galvanic Coupling of Copper and Carbon Steel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Carbon steel (CS) vessels coated with ∼3 mm of Cu have been proposed for the permanent disposal of used nuclear fuel in a deep geological repository (DGR) in Canada. In the event of an undetected defect in the Cu coating that exposes the underlying CS to groundwater, the possibility of galvanically accelerated corrosion of CS arises. In this work, the impact of O 2 availability, NaCl solution concentration, and cathode:anode area ratio on the galvanic corrosion behavior of Cu/CS couples was evaluated by monitoring the galvanic potential of the couple and the galvanic current passing between Cu and CS. The corrosion products and surface damage were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and SEM/EDX. Varying the Cu:CS area ratio from 1:1 to 2500:1, the [Cl − ] from 0.001 to 3.0 M, the sparging gas from air to Ar, and monitoring the resulting changes in the galvanic current, galvanic potential, corrosion products, and surface damage showed that the galvanic corrosion of CS was most severe when it was exposed to air-sparged solution with a moderate [Cl − ] (0.1 M) as part of the couple with the largest Cu:CS area ratio.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".