Impact of non-invasive brain stimulation on transcallosal modulation in mild traumatic brain injury: a multimodal pilot investigation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: We combined performance on working memory (WM) tasks with diffusion (dMRI) and functional (fMRI) magnetic resonance imaging in young adults who had suffered a concussion to better understand the inter-hemispheric effects of unilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).Methods: The article is presenting pilot data on 8 symptomatic patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms for over 6 months. They received 20 sessions of rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity of the corpus callosum (CC) and fMRI measurement of blood-oxygen-level dependent signal changes during WM tasks were carried out before and after rTMS stimulation.Results: After participants had completed the rTMS sessions, we observed three main results: (1) bilateralization of activation within the WM network; (2) shift from transcallosal inhibition to transcallosal activation of the right-sided WM network via the anterior callosal fibres; and (3) shift from transcallosal activation to transcallosal inhibition of the right-sided WM network via the posterior parts of the CC. More nuanced patterns of transcallosal mediation in the region of the right-sided WM network were observed via the medial part of the CC.Conclusion: Our preliminary results encourage trends of further research supporting the use of rTMS to restore inter-hemispheric balance within the bilateral WM network in young adults with a history of concussion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".