The endangered western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara) in Manitoba : its associated plant community and an examination of pollinator visitation rates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To effectively manage an endangered plant species, managers must have an adequate knowledge of the habitat of the species and its reproductive ecology. This study describes the plant community associated with the endangered western prairie fringed orchid (WPFO) (Platanthera praeclara) in Manitoba and determine whether the plant community differed between sites and between six distances from the centre of orchid beds. In addition, this study exarnines factors which may affect the pollination ecology, specifically pollinator visitation. Assessment of orchid habitat occurred at four sites, separated by at least 800 m, in the Tall Grass Prairie Preserve (TGPP) in southeastern Manitoba in 2005 and 2006. The four sites were broadly similar in that each was dominated by graminoids (sedges, rushes, and grasses) and shared a moderate number of forb and graminoid species. The most abundant forbs included Galium boreale, Fragaria virginiana and Hypoxis hirsuta. The measures of species richness (species richness and rarified richness) varied significantly between distances from the centre of the orchid beds, but not between sites. The diversity measures (the Shannon-Weiner and Simpson indices) and the evenness measures (Shannon-Weiner evenness and rank log abundance slope) were significantly different between sites but not distances from the centre of the orchid beds. Ordination methods (Principal Components Analysis and Multiple Discriminant Analysis) showed the plant community at one site differed from that of the other sites, but the `plant community was not significantly different between distances from orchid bed centre. Pollinator (ie: sphinx moth) visitation rates, measured using seed capsule production, the presence of moth scales, and pollinaria removal, varied considerably between sites and between years. The abundance of nectar sources and larval hosts for the pollinators at the sites was not related to visitation rates. The visibility and proximity of anthropogenic light sources to orchids did not correspond with rates of pollinator visitation. Sphinx moth activity at the TGPP was not significantly correlated with weather conditions. The plant community associated with the WPFO was broadly similar at different sites, though differences in composition and diversity were evident. Controlled experiments would be useful in determining the effect of various factors, including those examined in this study, on the pollinator visitation rates to the WPFO in Manitoba.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".