Bibliographic record
Abstract
In meertalige lande bly die onderrigmedium in skole 'n turksvy (sien bv De Varennes Language, Minorities and Human Rights (1996) 192 ev; De Varennes The existing rights of in international law in Kontra ea (reds) : A Right and a Resource : Approaching Linguistic Human Rights (1999) 119 ev; Jones rights and the definition of minorities in Fottrell en Bowring (reds) Minority and Group Rights in the New Millenium (1999) 205 ev). In lande soos Belgie en Kanada word streng taalvoorskrifte op 'n territoriale grondslag afgedwing. Waar lede van verskillende taalgroepe dieselfde gebied bewoon, skep dit deurgaans probleme (Belgiese Taalsake (1 EHHR 241); Mahe v Alberta (1990) 1 SCR 342). Suid-Afrika bly sulke probleme nie gespaar nie. Ten spyte van die oenskynlike beskerming wat taal in die grondwet geniet, is die verengelsing van skole min of meer volledig voltrek, word die inheemse tale gruwelik van owerheidswee verwaarloos en word aan moedertaalonderrig slegs lippediens bewys. Boonop verkeer die handjievol Afrikaansmediumskole onder groot om na Engels as medium van onderrig oor te slaan of Engels minstens as onderrigmedium by te voeg. Die taalbepalings van die grondwet is by verskeie geleenthede in die howe getoets, hoofsaaklik weens hierdie wat die nasionale en provinsiale onderwysowerhede op Afrikaanse skole plaas. In die meeste gevalle is die optrede van die onderwysowerhede hoofsaaklik op administratiefregtelike gronde wederregtelik bevind (sien bv Western Cape Minister of Education v Governing Body of Mikro Primary School 2005 10 BCLR 973 (HHA); Laerskool Middelburg v Departementshoof, Mpumalanga Departement van Onderwys 2003 4 SA 160 (T); Seodin Primary School v MEC of Education, Northern Cape 2006 4 BCLR 542 (NK), en sien die kommentaar op hierdie beslissings van Malherbe Language in education : South Africa in De Groof ea (reds) Education Law and Rights : Reflections on Policies and Legal Action to Overcome Barriers in Education (2007); Taalregte in Suid-Afrikaanse skole : (tydelike) verligting van onverpoosde druk 2006 TSAR 190-197; Oor kopdoeke, neusknopies en taal : die uitdagings van diversiteit in onderwys in Boezaart en De Kock (reds) Vite perit, labor non moritur : Liber memorialis PJ Visser (2008) 39-57).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.049 | 0.014 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".