SCALING LAWS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF RIGID PROPULSORS INTENDED FOR UNDERWATER LOCOMOTION
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Scaling laws are presented for the propulsive performance of rigid foils undergoing oscillatory motion in water. Water tunnel experiments on a nominally two-dimensional foil show that the scaling laws provide an excellent description of the data for thrust, power, and efficiency. The scaling laws are then extended to account for the effects of non-sinusoidal motions by using a parameter based on the maximum velocity of the trailing edge, which describes the experiments on non-sinusoidal gaits described by Jacobi elliptic functions reasonably well. Lastly, intermittent motions are considered. The thrust and power is shown to scale linearly with the duty cycle, and scaling laws for the energetics are presented. Intermittent motions are generally energetically advantageous over continuous motions, unless metabolic energy losses are sufficiently high.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it