Quality of life in obese women with symptoms of urinary incontinence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Obesity is a contributing factor to the development of urinary incontinence (UI). Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of UI symptoms in women with morbid obesity and their impacts on quality of life (QOL), correlating the influence of age and body mass index (BMI) with the presence of UI. Method: Sixty-five women undergoing preoperative bariatric surgery, aged 35.8 ± 9.97 years, with an average BMI of 45.04 ± 6.79 kg/m2 were asked about the presence of UI symptoms; when they answered positively, the King’s Health Questionnaire (validated into Portuguese) was applied. The questionnaire was self-administered and all answers were assigned numerical scores. These scores were distributed according to quartiles and correlated with age and BMI. The level of hypothesis rejection was 5%, and analyses were performed using BioEstat software version 5.3. Results: Among 65 interviewees, 19 (29.23%) had symptoms of UI and went on to answer the questionnaire. The highest-scoring areas were “incontinence impact” (36.8) and “general health perception” (32.9). There was no significant correlation between questionnaire scores and BMI. In the association with age, the “incontinence impact” domain showed a significant, positive and moderate correlation (r = 0.52; p = 0.02). Conclusion: The prevalence of UI symptoms in the sample had a slight negative effect on QOL; however, UI associated with older ages significantly affected the QOL of the studied volunteers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".