Defect‐Rich Nitrogen Doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/C Porous Nanocubes Enable High‐Efficiency Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Heteroatom doping plays a significant role in optimizing the catalytic performance of electrocatalysts. However, research on heteroatom doped electrocatalysts with abundant defects and well‐defined morphology remain a great challenge. Herein, a class of defect‐engineered nitrogen‐doped Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles/nitrogen‐doped carbon framework (N‐Co 3 O 4 @NC) strongly coupled porous nanocubes, made using a zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67 via a controllable N‐doping strategy, is demonstrated for achieving remarkable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysis. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray absorption fine structure, and electron spin resonance results clearly reveal the formation of a considerable amount of nitrogen dopants and oxygen vacancies in N‐Co 3 O 4 @NC. The defect engineering of N‐Co 3 O 4 @NC makes it exhibit an overpotential of only 266 mV to reach 10 mA cm −2 , a low Tafel slope of 54.9 mV dec −1 and superior catalytic stability for OER, which is comparable to that of commercial RuO 2 . Density functional theory calculations indicate N‐doping could promote catalytic activity via improving electronic conductivity, accelerating reaction kinetics, and optimizing the adsorption energy for intermediates of OER. Interestingly, N‐Co 3 O 4 @NC also shows a superior oxygen reduction reaction activity, making it a bifunctional electrocatalyst for zinc–air batteries. The zinc–air battery with the N‐Co 3 O 4 @NC cathode demonstrates superior efficiency and durability, showing the feasibility of N‐Co 3 O 4 /NC in electrochemical energy devices.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it