Origin of fluids in Las Tres Vírgenes Geothermal Field
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A geochemical survey of fluids in the Las Tres Vírgenes geothermal field (LTVGF) in Baja California Sur, Mexico, was carried out to describe their origins and evolution within the reservoir. Major and minor elements and noble gas isotopes (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) were measured in fluids from three production wells, one injection well, and one fumarole (El Azufre). Stable isotopes of water (δD and δ18O) show mixing between Quaternary recharge, lighter than present-day rainfall, and a deep fluid of andesitic origin. The Na/Br and Cl/Br ratios indicate that deep brines from the LTVGF are seawater having leached evaporite deposits (i.e., halite). These deposits are presently absent in the area, but likely occurred during the Miocene, prior to the breakup of the Gulf of California, suggesting that the saline fluid end-member of the LTVGF is several million year old. Measured 3He/4He ratios of greater than 6.5 Ra (where Ra is the atmospheric ratio of 1.384 x10-6) show that LTVGF fluids are a mixture of meteoric waters and deep magmatic fluids, with the hotter and more pristine mantle fluids found in the southern part of the exploitation zone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".