Size-Dependent Interaction of Amyloid β Oligomers with Brain Total Lipid Extract Bilayer—Fibrillation Versus Membrane Destruction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Amyloid β, Aβ(1-42), is a component of senile plaques present in the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients and one of the main suspects responsible for pathological consequences of the disease. Herein, we directly visualize the Aβ activity toward a brain-like model membrane and demonstrate that this activity strongly depends on the Aβ oligomer size. PeakForce quantitative nanomechanical mapping mode of atomic force microscopy imaging revealed that the interaction of large-size (LS) Aβ oligomers, corresponding to high-molecular-weight Aβ oligomers, with the brain total lipid extract (BTLE) membrane resulted in accelerated Aβ fibrillogenesis on the membrane surface. Importantly, the fibrillogenesis did not affect integrity of the membrane. In contrast, small-size (SS) Aβ oligomers, corresponding to low-molecular-weight Aβ oligomers, created pores and then disintegrated the BTLE membrane. Both forms of the Aβ oligomers changed nanomechanical properties of the membrane by decreasing its Young's modulus by ∼45%. Our results demonstrated that both forms of Aβ oligomers induce the neurotoxic effect on the brain cells but their action toward the membrane differs significantly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".