Effects of gibberellic acid on water uptake and germination of sweet sorghum seeds under salinity stress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) is a potential feedstock crop in biomass energy development, and is much more resistant to saline soils than crops. Healthy seed germination is critical for the growth cycle of plants, and determines the establishment of seedlings and subsequent crop production. High salinity conditions can result in difficulty for seed germination and delays the germination period. So, screening salt-tolerant genotypes and method for healthy seed germination under salinity stress are vital to crop production and food security. Therefore, a controlled study was conducted to explore the interactive amendment effects of exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) and salinity on seed germination process of sweet sorghum. Seeds were presoaked in different levels of GA3 water solutions (0, 144, 288, and 576 M) and then cultivated in gradient NaCl solutions (0, 50 and 100 mM). The effects of salinity and external GA3 on seed water uptake and germination characteristics were investigated. Compared with the effects of 0 M GA3 at 0 mM NaCl, slight salt stress of 50 mM NaCl improved the cumulative water uptake, germination and germination index, but high salinity level of 100 mM NaCl significantly inhibited these germination traits. However, either 100 mM NaCl or 576 M GA3 had significantly negative effects on seed cumulative water uptake, cumulative germination, germination index, and length of germ and radicle. The appropriate concentration of GA3 prominently relieved salt stress and improved the seed germination of sorghum seeds, and the optimum concentration for seed germination of sweet sorghum was 288 M GA3 at each salinity level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".