Bibliographic record
Abstract
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is as much easy procedure as difficult one. Surgeon should consider every case as his first one. Intraoperative complications are common while transformation to open surgery should be always in consideration. Transformation to open cholecystectomy isn't a sign of lack of experience, rather it is a proof of surgeon cleverness and an evidence of professional competence as it could keep our patient away from life-threatening complications in difficult situations. Predictive factors for difficulty vary from male patient, repeated acute attacks, history of obstructive jaundice, presence of abnormal anatomical or pathological findings, and adhesions. The aim of this study was to assess some preoperative causes namely by history, clinical examination and, radiological data which can dependably anticipate the odds of troublesome laparoscopic Cholecystectomy or alteration to open Cholecystectomy .1005 patients experienced laparoscopic cholecystectomy 171 of them were difficult cases (10.05%). Transformation rate in our study is within the lower limits and accepted internationally. Dense fibrous adhesion and bleeding are the main causes of transformation. History of acute cholecystitis is separate hazard factor for transformation from laparoscopic to open procedure. Gender and age are also showing increasing rate of transformation. Results shown bile duct damages may evaded even with nearness of hazard factors as anatomical variations from the of biliary channels, intense cholecystitis, extreme endless fibrosis, affected stones inside Hartmann pocket, and short cystic pipe during laparoscopic cholecystectomy by careful watching and wise decision of transformation whenever surgeon feels risk of major complication in case of proceeding in laparoscopic technique. Mortality not encountered directly through the procedure or in short post-operative period but as sequel of complicated cases. Authors proposes that change of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy isn't really a disappointment of the specialist, as usually explained, yet is a lifesaving method as delineated by the results of the study. The experience of the operating surgeon assumes an essential function on this subject.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.027 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".