Design and synthesis of a novel fluorescent probe, Eu<sup>III</sup>-dtpa-bis(adenine), and application for the detection of orotic acid in urine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For detection of orotic acid (OA), a novel fluorescent probe, Eu III -dtpa-bis(adenine), was designed and synthesized based on the complementation base pairing principle. The dtpa-bis(adenine) ligand was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), and elemental analysis. Then, the effects of solution pH values and some coexisting interfering substances on OA detection using Eu III -dtpa-bis(adenine) as a fluorescent probe were investigated. The linear relationship of F 0 /F and OA concentration in the range of 10–150 μmol/L was obtained, where F 0 and F are the fluorescence intensities of Eu III -dtpa-bis(adenine) at 320 nm in the absence and presence of OA, respectively. The calculated limit of detection is about 0.807 μmol/L. The detection mechanism of OA was proposed. In addition, the detection of OA in urine samples has also been studied. It was found that the designed and synthesized fluorescent probe is effective for the detection of OA in urine samples.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".