10W single-mode PM optical amplifiers in the 1.5 μm for space applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MPB is developing space qualified 10 W End Of Life (EOL) optical amplifiers for longer range applications. Their design employs Polarization Maintaining (PM) Erbium and Erbium-Ytterbium Double Clad Fiber (EDF, EYDF) singlemode fibers. Absorption losses of the EDF and EYDF due to radiation in space are the major challenge to overcome. The gamma radiation tests show that the PM fibers have a greater sensitivity than standard fibers. However, in many applications, PM amplifiers show greater performances which is important for the power consumption. Furthermore, MPB’s design minimizes Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in the fibers, a major obstacle to be overcome at this power level, even for on ground applications. Moreover, the compatibility with space environment (vacuum, temperature cycling, and radiation) of the high-power optical and electronic components (isolators, laser-diode pumps, current drivers) has to be demonstrated. The proposed optical designs compensate for radiation-induced losses, without resorting to the use of expensive radiation qualified fibers- a unique method of power recuperation through the photo-bleaching of the active fiber.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".