Dictamen 1/17 del TJUE: la homologación del nuevo modelo de solución de diferencias inversor-Estado (ISDS) impulsado por la Unión Europea
Bibliographic record
Abstract
espanolEl Dictamen 1/17 del TJUE declara la compatibilidad con el Derecho de la UE del mecanismo de arreglo de diferencias inversor-Estado (ISDS) previsto en el Acuerdo Economico y Comercial Global entre la Union Europea y Canada (CETA) y derriba, de este modo, el ultimo gran obstaculo para la ratificacion y entrada en vigor del acuerdo. El TJUE ha apreciado que el mecanismo ISDS del CETA no vulnera la autonomia del Derecho de la Union, es respetuoso con el principio de igualdad de trato y con la exigencia de efectividad del Derecho de la Union, y reune las caracteristicas propias de un tribunal independiente. Esta es una decision clave no solo para el CETA, sino para toda la politica comercial comun futura de la Union, ya que abre la puerta a la inclusion de estos mecanismos ISDS en los tratados de libre comercio de nueva generacion que esta negociando y, por tanto, a una politica mas ambiciosa, sin necesidad de renunciar a uno de los elementos fundamentales del derecho de las inversiones extranjeras. EnglishOpinion 1/17 of the CJEU declares the compatibility with EU Law of the Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) mechanism foreseen i n t h e Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between the European Union and Canada (CETA), and overthrows the last major obstacle to the ratification and entry into force of the agreement. The CJEU has considered that the ISDS mechanism does not violate the autonomy of EU Law, is respectful of the general principle of equal treatment and the requirement of effectiveness, and has the c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f a n independent court. It is a key decision, not only for the CETA, but for all the future common commercial policy of the Union, given that it opens the door for the inclusion of these ISDS mechanisms in the new generation free trade agreements that the EU is nowadays negotiating and, therefore, to a more ambitious policy, without having to renounce one of the fundamental elements of foreign investment law.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".