Late Pleistocene Fish Remains from the Rurubu River, Tanzania
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A collection of fish bones was recovered from upper Pleistocene (Gamblian) deposits near the confluence of the Kagera and Rurubu rivers in Tanzania, west of Lake Victoria. The Rurubu/Kagera bones include two families: the Clariidae (Clarias gariepinus, Clarias sp.) and Cichlidae (tribes Oreochromini, Haplochromini; Oreochromis sp.). Geological, paleontological, and molecular data presented here provide new insights into Pleistocene eastern African biogeography and into the evolution and past affiliations of the Rurubu/Kagera and Lake Victoria fish taxa. The data indicate that the Rurubu/Kagera taxa were descended from Miocene-aged populations in the Congo and/or Nile rivers. Data also suggest that the Rurubu/Kagera haplochromines may have been part of a shared Kagera River/Lake Victoria basin haplochromine clade, whose later members radiated into hundreds of species in Lake Victoria over the past approximately 15,000 years.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".