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Record W2967736765 · doi:10.4073/csr.2019.1

Effects of bystander programs on the prevention of sexual assault among adolescents and college students: A systematic review

2019· review· en· W2967736765 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Heather Hensman Kettrey, Robert Marx, Emily E. Tanner‐Smith

Bibliographic record

VenueCampbell Systematic Reviews · 2019
Typereview
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicSexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCriminal justiceSociologyCriminologyEconomic JusticeLibrary scienceManagementLawPolitical science

Abstract

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Bystander sexual assault prevention programs have beneficial effects on bystander intervention but there is no evidence of effects on sexual assault perpetration. Effects on knowledge and attitudes are inconsistent across outcomes. Sexual assault is a significant problem among adolescents and college students across the world. One promising strategy for preventing these assaults is the implementation of bystander sexual assault prevention programs, which encourage young people of sexual the effects bystander programs have on knowledge and attitudes sexual assault and bystander bystander intervention sexual assault and of of sexual is the of the effects of bystander programs on knowledge and attitudes sexual assault and bystander bystander intervention sexual assault and the of sexual evidence the effects of bystander programs for young people on knowledge and attitudes sexual assault and bystander bystander intervention sexual assault and of sexual the the and the and and Bystander programs have on knowledge and attitudes for outcomes. beneficial effects are on and bystander outcomes. are effects the on for for and outcomes. is no evidence of effects on and on sexual assault outcomes. Bystander programs have a beneficial on bystander is no evidence bystander programs have on of sexual assault perpetration. Sexual programs college students sexual prevention a on bystander Bystander programs have a significant on bystander there is no evidence these programs have on of sexual assault perpetration. bystander programs for the of but for the of effects of bystander programs on bystander intervention are is the of effects on bystander effects and bystander intervention and the of bystander programs the effects of is of the the of bystander programs across the world. for and Sexual assault is a significant problem among adolescents and college students the and the Sexual of college sexual assault sexual sexual a college and sexual assault college have and a of and the One promising strategy for preventing sexual assault among adolescents and young is the implementation of bystander programs, which encourage young people of sexual Bystander programs young people of sexual bystander for for and and knowledge of for of these programs are of adolescents college students the of a of college programs implementation across college encourage students of young people preventing sexual bystander programs have the sexual assault prevention programs, which young people of sexual of on young people the sexual of for bystander programs knowledge and for on of young people of the sexual of the bystander programs the of among for the effects and the of the of bystander programs on and college attitudes and sexual the of bystander programs for of of the of the of the of the of the the of bystander programs of and sexual assault a of and and on bystander programs for the of and and for the the the of of of of of and of for the have intervention students a bystander a students a bystander on of bystander programs sexual assault and adolescents college students adolescents and college students of of no and no intervention programs preventing sexual assault among adolescents college of the on for a are for sexual for programs, and no intervention for have no intervention bystander sexual attitudes sexual assault and and knowledge for bystander intervention sexual assault a for for and for bystander intervention of sexual intervention of sexual of sexual assault of of for and of on of bystander programs sexual assault and adolescents college students and no on and for and and these for a and for and intervention of of and and and the and for a beneficial for the bystander intervention effects for the are are Effects for knowledge and across beneficial on for and across effects on bystander and significant for bystander effects Effects on knowledge and effects on for for and but significant and beneficial no evidence of significant intervention effects on and sexual bystander programs have a beneficial on bystander intervention which significant Bystander programs have a significant on sexual assault perpetration. a of a of for the bystander intervention and of significant of the of intervention effects of bystander programs on on the of and bystander programs and programs a of for the bystander intervention of these a significant of the of bystander programs on bystander of the effects of bystander programs the is the the implementation of programs on college programs college students prevention and programs sexual these programs a on bystander there is no sexual assault among adolescents bystander programs bystander programs have beneficial effects on bystander intervention evidence of the of programs on college the the effects on bystander intervention are for adolescents and college which implementation of bystander programs bystander programs a significant on bystander intervention there no evidence these programs on sexual assault perpetration. bystander sexual assault prevention programs attitudes the of preventing sexual assault no evidence these programs bystander programs for bystander but for the of effects of bystander programs on bystander intervention intervention there is a of the effects of bystander programs on attitudes and there are bystander programs bystander intervention knowledge and attitudes inconsistent evidence of the effects of bystander programs on knowledge and but promising evidence of effects on bystander intervention on the and bystander of of the of effects on bystander effects and bystander bystander programs a of sexual assault a bystander programs of sexual sexual assault a problem sexual assault a problem and effects of these of programs the of programs and and programs significant of effects on bystander these are a and are on a of the effects of programs the and implementation of these of programs the effects of but the of the are a on the of bystander Sexual assault is a significant problem among adolescents and college students the and the Sexual of college sexual assault sexual sexual a college and sexual assault college have and a of and the are sexual assault young is of and there is evidence of sexual assault these are and of and young prevention are of of on the of programs sexual assault among adolescents and college students have a of and evidence these prevention programs have effects on young the of programs a of of college sexual assault prevention programs effects are for for the of sexual assault of evidence is for preventing sexual assault among adolescents and young One promising strategy is the implementation of bystander programs, which encourage young people of sexual assault a of the bystander on the of the prevention of are a on young sexual is a for a and of have a on and of are but a of assault and have the a the prevention of sexual assault a adolescents and young are and are of assault are the of these the prevention of sexual the for intervention a for a sexual the the for a of and a of have sexual young people these bystander programs young people of sexual bystander for for and for of these programs are of adolescents college students the of a of college programs implementation are across college encourage students of bystander and the but for young people preventing sexual bystander programs have the sexual assault prevention programs, which young people of sexual of on young people the sexual of for bystander programs knowledge and for on of young people of the sexual of the bystander programs the of among for young people sexual bystander these programs the of sexual assault the the prevention bystander on on the young prevention and sexual are of the of the problem sexual of on the effects of bystander programs of sexual assault a bystander programs are the for a for and young people sexual of and for and bystander programs the of for and of sexual assault are the of sexual assault the bystander programs a the prevention of sexual assault among adolescents and college the of college of the of on bystander young of young prevention on of intervention bystander the the of of the of a of programs have bystander intervention among adolescents and college the of sexual these programs a of bystander college of and programs a and on of a a of on of and of sexual assault the One of the and bystander programs is the the of of the the and the of of the effects of and programs the of the of bystander there is no of the effects of these programs, there are the bystander programs of sexual assault and of bystander and the programs have the of the prevention programs a are of programs of is the of sexual assault prevention adolescents and young are of a of sexual assault programs a of and the bystander programs the programs college students prevention and programs sexual these programs a on bystander there is no sexual assault among adolescents bystander programs is adolescents sexual assault are of young the implementation of bystander programs the sexual assault among adolescents but have the sexual assault on college evidence of the which bystander programs, the are preventing sexual assault among college effects of these programs among and for programs there are no the effects of bystander programs on sexual assault among adolescents college the the and of the effects of programs bystander among adolescents young of these sexual of evidence of significant effects on knowledge attitudes evidence of significant effects on young of of the and are of a of the effects of bystander programs on sexual assault on college and a of the effects of bystander programs on and sexual among adolescents and young of and beneficial effects of bystander programs on and and effects on bystander and Effects among and a of for college programs a of the effects of bystander programs on and sexual assault among adolescents and young beneficial effects on bystander and but evidence of beneficial effects on bystander of of these on sexual assault on college and effects of programs among on among adolescents and young of the and the no for the and the of no knowledge there are no the effects of bystander programs on attitudes and sexual assault among college students and the and a the effects of bystander programs on attitudes of and and intervention sexual assault among adolescents and college the of of of of of and on the effects of bystander the effects and the of the of bystander programs on and college attitudes and sexual attitudes and and knowledge of sexual intervention and of sexual the of bystander programs for of of the of the of the of the and of the the of bystander programs of and sexual assault a which intervention and for of the these of the a on a intervention and and the of the a of the intervention and for these have of for the the intervention and have of for and and the have the of on the of and of which the the and on of bystander programs and sexual assault and are adolescents college students adolescents and college students of on of adolescents college students of college and of students for the of no and no the intervention programs preventing sexual assault among adolescents college of the on for a are for sexual for programs, and no for bystander but the intervention for of programs bystander but a sexual assault programs for have no intervention bystander sexual of a bystander a sexual assault prevention for have a have no on bystander sexual attitudes sexual assault and and knowledge for bystander intervention sexual assault a for for for bystander intervention of sexual intervention of sexual of sexual assault of among the of a on these beneficial and effects bystander are college and these for of of the a of a of bystander intervention a for the for a of for and of on of bystander programs and sexual assault and are adolescents college students and bystander programs adolescents and young of for the no on of and and on bystander programs for the the of and for the of and is and of bystander programs of of of of Effects of the strategy for the of the of and for for of for bystander programs of bystander programs for of are of sexual sexual have the sexual the of bystander programs on adolescents and college students a the of the and strategy for for the of a Sexual the of of of on sexual the of of of of of and and these and and Sexual on of on for of and and of of and of of the the a and and for the and and the the and these for for and and the the a for the and a the of and the a the the the a the the for a a for of and a a the for for are and intervention of of and and and of the of for and of for of the of and of and are of of for the of the of are are the and intervention the outcomes. the which the of for attitudes bystander and sexual assault the have a on and the of sexual assault prevention programs, prevention programs, and bystander programs sexual and of of a a the which these the on the the and a beneficial for the intervention the the there which and the and the and the for the of the of the of the college of the of the and and of the the of the and and the and and for and attitudes sexual assault and and knowledge bystander bystander bystander and the and the the the of the the the the of the of a of the of and the a a of a for the for a for the of and for for the for on for for and for and of these and the and and a and of the of the for have the of significant the the the the of a and the but is a significant these the of of the these are and are the and the of the and and these of of of of and of of and of and the for of these a of for One these and and of the the and but on of are and of the and a of on bystander programs of the a the of the the and for for the but the of the the intervention and across a the students the students the and these the and a intervention intervention and a for the intervention and the of these the but of the intervention of a and intervention bystander intervention bystander of a on a bystander a bystander a these the intervention the intervention the the the for and the for these intervention and the which the intervention the of intervention a of of these the for and the of for the the of of of these of the of of and of of of these on a of of of of the intervention and of of the these the intervention the of the intervention the of for the the the a of the a young young and the intervention the which is is the of these of the a and the the and these are a significant intervention and a significant intervention the which a of but of these of but a bystander and the the intervention for the significant and intervention for the significant and significant the the and the intervention significant and significant the bystander programs have a on the of of bystander intervention effects on which the intervention the intervention these the for the significant and significant the intervention significant and significant of bystander intervention effects on for the the intervention for the significant and intervention for the significant and the intervention significant and intervention bystander programs have a on the of of bystander intervention effects on which the intervention the intervention these the for the significant and the intervention and significant and of bystander intervention effects on for of these of the the intervention across these significant and bystander programs have a on the of of bystander intervention effects on attitudes intervention attitudes of for a but of these of but a and One attitudes bystander programs a but on attitudes attitudes the the intervention for the significant and for the and the intervention significant these there is no evidence bystander programs have on attitudes the of of bystander intervention effects on attitudes the the intervention for the intervention for the significant and the intervention significant there is no evidence bystander programs on of of bystander intervention effects on attitudes the and the and of have of these of of these and these of these attitudes there no evidence bystander on attitudes of of bystander intervention effects on attitudes which the intervention the intervention these and significant effects of bystander intervention effects on attitudes for a the of these of attitudes for the intervention and the intervention of these intervention effects attitudes and a and significant intervention a of a sexual assault a of a a of is for but of these of and but a sexual assault and sexual assault the the intervention for the significant and the for the the the intervention there no evidence bystander programs have on of a sexual of of bystander intervention effects on sexual assault sexual assault the the intervention for the for the and the intervention there no evidence bystander programs have on of a sexual assault of of bystander intervention effects on sexual One sexual assault intervention no evidence the a sexual assault a of of a for of a is for but of these of and but a sexual assault and of a for intervention the intervention for the significant across intervention for the significant and and the intervention significant and significant across bystander programs have a and significant beneficial on of a for of of bystander intervention effects on a for a which the intervention the intervention the intervention for the significant and intervention across significant and the of intervention intervention the of the intervention for the for the of bystander intervention effects on a for for of a for intervention for of these the of the for the the the the the intervention for the intervention for the significant and and the intervention significant and across the bystander programs have a significant beneficial on of a for intervention of of bystander intervention effects on a for intervention a the for and the the for the for the and the and for the for the and the a which the intervention the intervention of the of there no the intervention the intervention for the the significant and for and significant and significant across of bystander intervention effects on a for intervention for One of a for intervention significant and a of for the of the which of a of sexual assault of and a sexual assault and for the the intervention for the significant across intervention for the significant and intervention the and significant intervention there is no evidence bystander programs have on for of of bystander intervention effects on a which the intervention the intervention the intervention for the significant and intervention and significant across of bystander intervention effects on for for the the intervention for the intervention for the significant and the intervention the and significant and the bystander programs have a significant on for of of bystander intervention effects on a which the intervention the intervention intervention the intervention for the significant and the intervention and significant across of bystander intervention effects on for a of knowledge of for which a sexual is of and but a for and for the the intervention for the significant across for the the intervention the and significant there is no evidence bystander programs have on knowledge of for of of bystander intervention effects on for One for for significant and a of bystander bystander a of the Bystander and is sexual a is a a of people a but of these of and but a bystander and bystander the the intervention for the significant and intervention for the significant and significant across and the intervention significant and significant across bystander programs a significant and on bystander of of bystander intervention effects on bystander a which the intervention the intervention the intervention for the significant and significant intervention and significant and significant across of bystander intervention effects on bystander for bystander the intervention for the significant intervention for the significant and and the intervention significant and but significant bystander programs have a significant on bystander of of bystander intervention effects on bystander a which the intervention the intervention the intervention for the significant and and the intervention significant and but significant across of bystander intervention effects on bystander for One bystander bystander a a of bystander the Bystander which bystander and on are a but of these of and but a bystander and bystander the the intervention for the but significant across intervention for the significant and significant and the intervention but significant of of bystander intervention effects on bystander the intervention for the significant and but the the intervention the of the of of these a which the the significant and significant a which the intervention the intervention the intervention for the significant across and the intervention but significant across of bystander intervention effects on bystander for a of bystander the intervention for the significant across intervention for the significant and and the intervention significant and but significant across these bystander programs have a significant on bystander of of bystander intervention effects on bystander a which the intervention the the intervention for the significant and the intervention significant and significant of bystander intervention effects on bystander for bystander the for the intervention for the significant and across and the intervention significant and these bystander programs a significant on bystander of bystander intervention effects on bystander a of bystander intervention a of the Bystander which the which have bystander a a but of these of and but a a of a for the of bystander intervention bystander intervention and bystander of the of the of of the the of the the the the the intervention for the significant and intervention for the significant and and the intervention significant and bystander programs have a significant on bystander of bystander intervention effects on bystander intervention the of bystander programs on bystander intervention on the of the of and of the of the college and of the of the and of these the and the of for for of these a significant these the of and and a of the of the of intervention the of effects the of and the a of of bystander intervention the of for no significant evidence of effects a and and the the these the are the of bystander programs on bystander intervention on the of and of but the of for of the for there no evidence of of evidence of of no evidence of of a the for the the for the for the and the and for the for the and the which the intervention the and the intervention the intervention a the the intervention for the significant and intervention and significant and of bystander intervention effects on bystander intervention for the the intervention for the significant and and significant and across of bystander intervention effects on bystander intervention for bystander the the for the and the intervention for the and the intervention these bystander programs have a significant on bystander of of bystander intervention effects on bystander intervention sexual assault of sexual sexual but of these of a sexual assault bystander intervention and sexual assault the the intervention across these across no evidence bystander programs have on sexual assault of bystander intervention effects on sexual assault sexual assault the the for the intervention across the and the intervention no evidence bystander programs have on sexual assault of of bystander intervention effects on sexual assault Bystander intervention effects on across on for and across of these of a for young people a bystander among the a of on the a of and the for a bystander the a of on effects on bystander a significant and of these of bystander of a for bystander for the for a of on the Bystander a of and bystander the for bystander a bystander the bystander a of on a effects on a for intervention significant but of of a for bystander for the a for intervention the a of a a which a young sexual the the the for a bystander the a of a on a of the effects but significant the the for for and the bystander of a these a of on a of a of and the for a bystander the on a of a on a the bystander of for of a on the bystander of a these a of on the Bystander a of and the for the a bystander the on a of on a effects for the a the a bystander the bystander and the a of on a the on bystander and significant effects for knowledge and attitudes the programs a of and no evidence of intervention effects on and sexual bystander programs have a on bystander of bystander intervention a for bystander for the a of on the Bystander a of and intervention the the for bystander intervention a bystander intervention bystander intervention of intervention the is bystander programs have a significant on sexual assault perpetration. the of of the bystander programs, which sexual young people preventing of which young evidence bystander programs have a on bystander intervention there is no evidence the programs have a on sexual assault perpetration. bystander the of effects of bystander programs on on the of the of the of the of the and of the a of for the bystander intervention no evidence of the of effects on bystander intervention for of the and of the these effects of bystander programs on on the of and bystander programs and programs a of for the bystander intervention no evidence these the of effects on bystander intervention of of and of of and of of and of for there of bystander sexual assault prevention programs are the a of and and programs a bystander intervention but there no on of the of the and a of bystander intervention programs bystander and sexual for these of the and and the of the and the and the of a for of bystander programs a and the of a evidence the of are the no sexual assault and programs the sexual assault for a bystander a of on the of on bystander the of for these the and the and of for the there of the of of of the of outcomes. of the of of the of programs of for the a of and a the evidence for but the of of of and of of the of is a the of the there is the effects of bystander of and effects of bystander programs on and and effects on bystander and Effects among and a of the are and and bystander programs have beneficial effects on bystander and beneficial effects on bystander bystander and attitudes and but and no evidence of on sexual assault perpetration. and effects of bystander programs on bystander and bystander effects on bystander among and effects on bystander among a of no evidence and of of these the of are of and of the evidence for bystander programs and on bystander programs college on programs college students and and significant of effects on bystander for of college students and these the of bystander and a of the of on of bystander programs and programs significant of effects on bystander these the of bystander programs college students prevention and programs sexual these programs a on bystander there is no sexual assault among adolescents bystander programs is adolescents sexual assault are of young the implementation of bystander programs the sexual assault among but have the sexual assault on college bystander programs have significant beneficial effects on bystander intervention evidence of the of programs on college the effects on bystander intervention for adolescents and college students implementation of bystander programs bystander programs a significant beneficial on bystander intervention no evidence these programs on sexual assault perpetration. Bystander programs for bystander but for the of effects of bystander programs on bystander intervention programs effects the implementation of there is a of the effects of bystander programs on attitudes and there are a of bystander programs bystander intervention knowledge and attitudes inconsistent evidence of the effects of bystander programs on knowledge and but promising evidence of effects on bystander the and bystander these the for of the of effects on bystander effects and bystander bystander programs a of sexual assault a bystander programs of sexual sexual assault a problem sexual assault a problem and effects of these of programs the of programs and and programs significant of effects on bystander these are a and are on a of the effects of programs the and implementation of these of programs the effects of and the of evidence bystander of bystander across the world. a there is no of of the for of the are and and the the and for the implementation of the the of the and the the the of and the of the the and and of and is for the of the the for the

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.028
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Systematic review · Consensus signal: Systematic review
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.010
Threshold uncertainty score0.028

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0050.028
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0080.007
Bibliometrics0.0060.007
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0020.002
Open science0.0020.001
Research integrity0.0020.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.107
GPT teacher head0.407
Teacher spread0.300 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designSystematic review
Domainnot available
GenreReview

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations68
Published2019
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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