Soil nitrogen dynamics following herbicide kill and tillage of manured and unmanured grasslands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chantigny, M. H., MacDonald, J. D., Angers, D. A., Rochette, P., Royer, I. and Gasser, M.-O. 2013. Soil nitrogen dynamics following herbicide kill and tillage of manured and unmanured grasslands. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 229-237. Grassland soils accumulate N, which could be lost following land-use change. Adjacent grassland sites, with and without liquid swine manure applied annually for 28 yr, were subdivided and left undisturbed (Control), or killed by herbicides with and without full inversion tillage (FIT) in the autumn or spring. We monitored hot-water extractable organic N (HWEON), and mineral N forms in KCl extractions and soil solutions (tension lysimeters) for 1 yr. Mean soil mineral N increased by 1 to 2.8 g m-2 in the weeks following herbicide kill and FIT of the unmanured soils, and by 2.6 to 3.0 g m-2 in the manured soil. These increases corresponded to declines in soil HWEON (-0.4 to -1.9 g m-2 unmanured site; -2.4 to -4.9 g m-2 manured site), suggesting that HWEON comprised N that is rapidly mineralized following grassland termination. More than 80% of N mineralized in the weeks following termination accumulated as NH4 in the unmanured soils, compared with >70% as NO3 in the manured soils. As a result, more mineral N (mainly NO3) was found in the soil solution of manured soils. Manured grassland soils may represent a high risk of N loss following termination with herbicide in combination with FIT in the autumn, because of the rapid nitrification of mineralized N. For spring FIT, however, the rapid mineralization of soil N may represent a substantial nutrient source to the following crop.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".