Load transfer within the bolted joint of a laminate made from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The mechanism of load transfer within the bolted joint of a laminate sheet made from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) plies is investigated both experimentally and by an analytical model. The nature of load transfer and the active failure mechanisms are obtained as a function of joint geometry and of the lateral clamping force on the faces of the laminate (by pre-tensioning of the bolt). A combination of X-ray tomography and optical microscopy reveal that the dominant failure mechanism in the clamped joint is shear failure involving splits of the 0° plies and sliding at the interface between the 0° and 90° plies. A simple analytical model is developed for this shear failure mechanism and, upon noting the competing failure mechanisms of bearing failure, bolt shear and of tensile failure of the 0° plies, a failure mechanism map is constructed in terms of the geometry of the bolted joint , for the case of no pre-tension of the bolt. The analytical model for shear failure suggests that the enhancement in joint strength with increased pre-tensioning of bolt is due to the fact that the shear strength of the UHMWPE increases with increasing hydrostatic pressure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".