Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative: Summary of the evidence base for pregnancy‐related interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This overview of systematic reviews (SRs) aimed to identify dietary and lifestyle interventions in pregnant women that reduce the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and/or risk factors thereof, in their children. Following identification of eligible SRs, a matrix of all included studies identified overlap between SRs. The most recent, comprehensive, high-quality SRs were selected for further dissagregation. We developed a Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE)-based effectiveness matrix incorporating effect size and study quality to prioritise interventions as (1) beneficial or harmful, (2) possibly beneficial or possibly harmful, (3) no effect, (4) possibly no effect, or (5) uncertain effect. Of the 27 SRs identified, 16 SRs were excluded due to overlap. From 11 remaining SRs, five discrete interventions were ranked "beneficial" or "possibly beneficial" for reducing risk factors for childhood obesity: (1) balanced energy/protein supplements, (2) dietary counseling alone, (3) low glycemic index dietary advice, (4) diet and exercise counseling, (5) diet counseling and supervised exercise. High protein supplementation was ranked "harmful" as it increased the risk of small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants in normal-weight pregnant women. Evidence of the impact of pregnancy-related diet or lifestyle interventions, on childhood obesity was limited. Five dietary interventions, alone or in combination with exercise, showed beneficial effects on the risk factors for childhood obesity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".