Poor Long-Term Outcomes of Keratopigmentation With Black Ink for the Treatment of Dysphotopsia Secondary to Laser Peripheral Iridotomies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To report outcomes of keratopigmentation (KP) with commercial black ink in the treatment of dysphotopsia secondary to laser peripheral iridotomies (LPI) using manual anterior stromal puncture (ASP) and manual lamellar pocket (LP). METHODS: This is a retrospective case series of eyes that underwent KP for treatment of dysphotopsia secondary to LPI. Patients' postoperative symptoms were categorized as resolved, improved, no change, or worse. Any intraoperative and postoperative complications were noted, as well as the need for further treatments. RESULTS: Five eyes in 4 patients underwent ASP, and 14 eyes in 13 patients underwent LP. Only 1 patient had improvement in symptoms in the AK group. Four patients had a complete resolution of symptoms after LP, whereas 7 had symptomatic improvement and 3 did not notice any change. Fifty-five percent of patients in the LP group experienced late-onset depigmentation between 3 and 5 years postoperatively. One patient who underwent 2 LP re-treatments experienced irregular corneal steepening with nonprogressive corneal thinning. Overall, there were no serious adverse reactions to the pigment used. CONCLUSIONS: ASP was not suitable for the treatment of dysphotopsia secondary to LPI. In the short term, LP had good outcomes, but commercial black ink was prone to depigmentation at 3 to 5 years postoperatively. We therefore do not recommend the use of such pigment for long-term management of dysphotopsia secondary to LPI.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".