Impact of Counter Ions of Cationic Monomers on the Production and Characteristics of Chitosan-Based Hydrogel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chitosan-based hydrogel has received considerable interests because of its appealing properties and applications in many areas. The primary objective of this work was to produce novel cationic chitosan-based hydrogels via polymerizing chitosan with two cationic monomers of the same structure but with different counter ions [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium methyl sulfate (METMS) and [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (METAC). Polymerization of chitosan with the cationic monomers performed under the conditions of 50 °C, 5 h, 7 pH, and 2/1 mol/mol monomer/chitosan led to chitosan-METMS and -METAC with the cationic charge densities of 3.22 and 2.88 mequiv/g, respectively. Elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry analyses were used to confirm the impact of counter ions of cationic monomers (i.e., polarizability of monomers) on their polymerization performance and the characteristics of induced chitosan-based hydrogels. Also, the results of this work postulated that the counter ions associated with the monomers could dramatically impact the water uptake and swelling properties of the generated chitosan-based hydrogels as well as their performance in adsorbing an anionic dye from a simulated solution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".