A Political Ecology for Marginal and Depopulated Protected Areas: A View from Geographical Rural Studies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
From the perspective of political ecology and rural geography, the main ideas about nature and, in parallel, protected areas are reviewed. The initial approach of nature as wilderness, where the natural environment has not been significantly modified by society and the human activity changes progressively until the emergence of the Anthropocene period, where all nature is significantly affected by human nature. This evolution implies a clear change in the relationship between nature and society, from a binary relationship, with separate and pure realities to a fluid and hybrid one, where society and nature are accepted in a relational manner. These new ideas greatly influence the conception of protected areas based on the conservation of nature separated from society: to another where protected areas are conceived in a flexible, multi-natural and more-than-human way. Geographical discipline plays an important role in conceptual evolution and practice of natural protected areas. Keywords: geography, political ecology, protected areas, depopulated areas, rural space, hybrid relations __________________________________ Une ecologie politique pour les zones protegees marginales et depeuplees : un point de vue des etudes geographiques rurales Du point de vue de l'ecologie politique et de la geographie rurale, les principales idees sur la nature et, en parallele, les aires protegees sont passees en revue. L'approche initiale de la nature en tant que nature sauvage, ou l'environnement naturel n'a pas ete significativement modifie par la societe et par l'activite humaine change progressivement jusqu'a l'emergence de la periode anthropocene, ou toute la nature est significativement affectee par la nature humaine. Cette evolution implique un changement clair dans la relation entre la nature et la societe, d'une relation binaire, avec des realites separees et pures, a une relation fluide et hybride, ou la societe et la nature sont acceptees de maniere relationnelle. Ces nouvelles idees influencent grandement la conception des aires protegees basees sur la conservation de la nature separee de la societe, a une autre ou les aires protegees sont concues de maniere flexible, multi-naturelle et plus qu'humaine. La discipline geographique joue un role important dans l'evolution conceptuelle et la pratique des aires naturelles protegees. Mots-cles : geographie, ecologie politique, aires protegees, zones depeuplees, espace rural, relations hybrides
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.029 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".