Validation of the spanish version of the discrimination and stigma scale (DISC 12).
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: The "Discrimination and Stigma Scale" (DISC) was the first instrument specifically designed to evaluate reported experiences of discrimination by people with mental disorders. This study aims to validate DISC-12 version in Spanish population with Schizophrenia and, as specific objectives, to do the external validation with the Self-Stigma Questionnaire (SSQ) scale and Link PDD scale and to validate their internal consistency, temporal and inter-rater reliability. METHODS: 86 individuals with schizophrenia were interviewed at two time points (between one to two weeks) by two raters. Additionally to assess their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, following scales were administered: DISC 12, SSQ, PDD, Social Functioning Scale (SFS) and Global Assessment of Function (GAF). RESULTS: Internal consistency as a whole results a Cronbach a between 0.741 and 0.850. Subscales "Unfair treatmen" and "Positive treatment" have a Cronbach a higher than 0.79, but the both subscales "Stopping Self" and "Overcoming stigma" do not have in themselves an adequate consistency. Test-retest reliability shows that four subscales have values higher than 0.67. Inter-rater reliability assessment result that 21 items score values above 0.8, 10 between 0.6-0.8 and one lower than 0.6. DISC-12 was significantly related with the second factor of the PDD (self-stigma) and SSQ. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the DISC 12 scale is valid, has good internal consistency, is reliable both in terms of test-retest and inter-rater reliability and has good convergent validity with the SSQ and PDD, and the "Unfair treatment" and "Positive Treatment" subscales were the most robust of the four subscales.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".