Synthesis of amorphous SiO<sub>2</sub> nanowires by one-step low temperature hydrothermal process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel procedure for the growth of amorphous SiO 2 nanowires by a one-step hydrothermal process directly using commercial silicate glass in cheap aqueous ammonium hydroxide without any other catalyst is reported. The effect of concentration of aqueous ammonium hydroxide and reaction time on synthesized product was investigated. It was found that SiO 2 nanowires with high aspect ratio can be synthesized using silicate glass at 170 °C in 2.5 mol l −1 aqueous ammonium hydroxide for 7 h. Scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction results showed that the products were amorphous SiO 2 nanowires with diameters of 20∼100 nm and lengths of several tens of micrometers. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the SiO 2 nanowires retained small amounts of MgO and CaO from the silicate glass. The result of photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the nanowires exhibited a strong, sharp photoluminescence (PL) emission peak, centered at 426 nm. Based on the results, the OH-assisted hydrolysis of the glass has been proposed as the growth mechanism of the SiO 2 nanowires.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".