Bibliographic record
Abstract
[...]there have been acquisitions and sales - the collapse of the Belarusian Potash Company in 2013, the sale of Vale’s fertilizer mineral business to Mosaic in 2016, and the merger of Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan and Agrium in 2018 to form Nutrien, being obvious examples of recent major shake-ups. [...]Sirius has managed to steer the project through the various objections, largely by designing its way around issues of concern, and has gained the approvals necessary to build what is ultimately intended to be a 20 million tonne per year polyhalite operation. Because Sirius will be extracting polyhalite, rather than sylvite - the mineral that traditional muriate of potash (MOP) comes from - the Woodsmith mineral ore also contains sulphur, magnesium and calcium and the resource has a grade of 85.4%, so there is no need to remove any impurities to use it on crops, a step required for MOP. “Current potash production methods - conventional underground mining and conventional solution mining - were developed in the early to mid-1900s and no longer represent the most capital-efficient and environmental efficient way to produce potash,” the company states. Selective dissolution involves injecting a nearly saturated sodium chloride (NaCl) brine, utilizing brackish formation water (ie, water that is more saline than freshwater and is therefore not drinkable) into horizontal caverns.During this process, only the KCl (potash) is dissolved, leaving other minerals intact.The KCl-rich brine is then pumped to a process plant, where an energy-efficient cooling crystallization process removes the KCl, resulting in solid crystals of potassium nutrient.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.015 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.081 | 0.038 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".