Adsorption of CTC in mariculture wastewater on modified ACF
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Activated carbon fibre (ACF) was modified through the sulfuric acid impregnation method and used as an adsorbent for chlortetracycline (CTC) in mariculture wastewater. The modified ACF was characterised by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller area analysis. Six factors (namely, modification time, dosage of ACF, initial concentration of CTC, adsorption time, pH value and interfering ion) were screened to study their effects on the adsorption of CTC. A full 16-factorial design was employed for optimising the adsorption process. The removal rate of CTC reached 96% under optimal conditions: modification time of ACF of 60 min, pH value of 6, dosage of modified ACF of 0·04 g, reaction time of 4 h and initial concentration of CTC of 20 mg/l. The dosage of modified ACF had the most positive effect on CTC. The adsorption kinetics favoured the pseudo-second-order model. The isotherm favoured the Langmuir model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 87 mg/g. The present work showed that the modified ACF is an effective adsorbent for the removal of CTC from mariculture wastewater.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".