Wide Stopband Bandpass Filter Implemented by Stepped Impedance Resonator and Multiple In-Resonator Open Stubs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stepped impedance resonator (SIR) has been widely used for applications in wide stopband bandpass filters. However, the reported SIR wide stopband bandpass filters are limited in either stopband performance or design complexity. Here we propose an approach to improve the stopband performance and reduce the design complexity simultaneously. Two in-resonator open stubs are adopted in a SIR (with tap-feeding) to stagger the frequencies of higher-order modes (compared with other SIR) and produce two adjustable transmission zeros without affecting the fundamental properties. For a SIR filter employing such a structure, the spurious passbands are doubly deteriorated by the staggering and up to four transmission zeros. At the same time, the fundamental passband is not affected, which significantly reduces the design complexity. As a result, not only wide stopband but also high-suppression stopband can be obtained in a simple design. A prototype based on the substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) is experimented showing an impressive stopband performance. Agreeing with the simulation well, the measured stopband is extended up to about 12 f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> with the suppression of 40 - 50 dB (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is the center frequency). The proposed technique could be very useful to design a bandpass filter with a wide and high-suppression stopband efficiently.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".