Predictors of Academic Performance among Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-based Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: To determine predictors of academic performance among children with IBD. Methods: Children diagnosed with IBD at age <17 years were identified from the previously validated University of Manitoba IBD Epidemiology Database (UMIBDED) and matched to 10 randomly selected controls based on age, gender, and postal area of residence on the date of IBD diagnosis. Grade 12 educational outcomes (scores on the provincial grade 12 language arts [LA] mathematics standards tests and enrollment in grade 12 by age 17) were determined by linkage to the previously validated province-wide Manitoba Education Database. We used previously developed and validated indices for grade 12 educational outcomes. We used linear and logistic regression analysis to compare the educational outcomes between children with IBD and their controls, adjusting for socio-economic status (SES) and co-morbidities (categorized as none/minor vs. more serious, using the Johns Hopkins Aggregated Diagnosis Groups [ADG] method) one year after diagnosis, and evaluated predictors of educational outcomes among children with IBD. Results: The grade 12 educational outcomes were determined among 337 children with IBD and 3,093 matched controls without IBD. We have previously reported that children with IBD achieve similar scores on standardized tests in grade 12 as those without IBD. Among children with IBD, lower SES was predictive of lower standardized scores and lower likelihood of enrollment in grade 12 by age 17 (p<0.001 for all comparisons), as was diagnosis with mental health problems peri-IBD diagnosis (6 months prior to, 6 months post-IBD diagnosis) after adjustment for SES (p=0.04 for LA, p=0.008 for math, p=0.01 for enrollment in grade 12 by age 17). Females with IBD performed better than males with IBD on the LA test (p<0.001). There was no significant independent effect of age of diagnosis of IBD, type of IBD (UC vs. CD), use of corticosteroids or immunomodulator agents, hospitalizations, or surgery for IBD. Conclusion: Although it is reassuring that children with IBD usually achieve similar levels of academic achievement in grade 12 as those without IBD, this study demonstrates the long-term/subsequent effect of diagnosis of mental health conditions at IBD diagnosis among children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".