IC‐P‐047: VENOUS COLLAGENOSIS AS PATHOGENESIS OF WHITE MATTER HYPERINTENSITIES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
T2 MRI White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are commonly observed in older individuals and are associated with cognitive and motor decline. While many previous studies have found associations between WMH and small vessel arterial disease (i.e. arteriolosclerosis), the full spectrum of WMH etiology remains unknown. Some studies implicate vascular insufficiency, a consequence of venous collagenosis, as a significant contributor to WMH burden. Few have examined both arterial and venous collagenosis in relation to pre-mortem MRI WMH. Brain tissue from 25 Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Center subjects were selected based on availability of in vivo 1.5 Tesla MRI (Table 1). Three paraffin embedded 6μm thick coronal blocks of tissue per subject from anterior, middle and posterior white matter abutting the ventricle were stained with Masson's Trichrome and Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA). Slides were scanned at a native resolution of .773μm2/pixel and downsampled to 13.4μm2/pixel. An automated algorithm identified blue collagen in vessel walls on the basis of hue and the lumen hole within them in trichrome images (Figure 1). Objects smaller than 0.0134mm2 were excluded and resulting segmentations manually inspected. 414 remaining vessels were classified as arteries or veins after review of coregistered SMA slides (Figure 2). Occlusion of each vessel was calculated as the ratio of the volume of collagen to the total volume (collagen + lumen). T-tests were used to determine characteristic differences between vessel types. Linear regressions, accounting for age at death and MRI to death interval, determined relationships between WMH and occlusions in veins and arteries. WMH, segmented from T2-weighted images, was log-transformed and corrected for intracranial volume. 414 total vessels were analyzed of which 60.6% (n=251) were arteries. Veins were larger (p<.001), less occluded (p<.001) and closer to the ventricular wall (p<.005) than arteries. Veins in the most anterior slice were more occluded than those in posterior slices (p=.014). The degree of occlusion of veins due to collagenosis was correlated with WMH volume (p=.007). Arterial occlusion was not related to WMH volume (p=.799).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".