Language Use and Language Attitude among Ukrainian Canadians on the Prairies: An Ethnographic Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Utilizing an ethnographic perspective and oral history interviews, the article examines Ukrainian language usage among Ukrainian Canadians in Western Canada based on a content analysis of one hundred extended “life histories” recorded in Saskatchewan and Alberta in 2002-03 for the project Sociocultural Change amongst the Ukrainian Canadians on the Prairies: An Oral History. The discussion here focuses on language use and language attitude among the English-speaking participants. This article considers the entire project data but focuses on a pre-selected sample of ten interviews and examines the correlation between language attitude and community participation. It is asserted that increased community participation brings about changes in the attitudes held by Ukrainian Canadians toward the Ukrainian language in Western Canada. The authors argue that the use of the Ukrainian language in Western Canada unfolds within two domains of cultural practice—habitual and performative, and two functions of language use are identified and discussed—practical/pragmatic and symbolic/ideological.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".