Probabilistic seismic hazard maps for Albania
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Albania is a Balkan country with high rate of seismicity, and earthquake risk reduction has been an important, on-going socioeconomic concern. We adapt the experience and methods used for Canadian seismic hazard maps to present, for the first time, probabilistic spectral hazard maps for Albania. A revised catalogue of Albanian earthquakes, from 58 A.D. to 2000, with magnitude Ms>4.5 in the region between 39/N and 43/N and 18.5/E and 21.5/E was used in this study. Ten seismic source zones are used to define the seismicity. We have used the Ambraseys et al. (1996) strong ground motion relations for rock to produce 5% damped spectral acceleration values at 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 seconds (as well as peak ground acceleration) for a return period of 0.0021 per annum (equivalent to a 10% chance of non-exceedence in 50 years). The four spectral parameters maps will allow the construction of site-specific Uniform Hazard Spectra for all of Albania, and are suggested as the basis of the next version of the KTP-N.2-89 Technical Aseismic Regulations to improve earthquake-resistant design code in Albania.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".