Synergic Effect of GaO <sup>+</sup> /Brønsted Acid in Hierarchical Ga/Al-ZSM-5 Bifunctional Catalysts for 1-Hexene Aromatization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nano-Ga/Al-ZSM-5 zeolites are synthesized by the in situ isomorphous substitution method (I-series) and a secondary synthesis method in a Ga(NO 3 ) 3 /NH 4 F solution (S-series). The effects of the Ga incorporation approach on the texture, acidity, and catalytic behavior of 1-hexene aromatization are studied in this work. The reaction stability of the Ga/Al-ZSM-5 catalysts is notably enhanced compared with that of the pristine ZSM-5; this difference is mainly due to the improved mesoporosity and weakened Brønsted acidity. Moreover, the uniform intracrystalline mesopores generated in the secondary synthesized samples effectively promote active GaO + species in closer proximity to the acidic protons, thus leading to stronger Lewis acid sites (LAS). Therefore, the S-2 sample prepared by secondary synthesis in a high concentration of Ga(NO 3 ) 3 /NH 4 F solution exhibited higher BTX selectivity because of the greater synergic effect and higher dehydrogenation activity of the GaO + /Brønsted acid coordination centers in 1-hexene aromatization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".