Modelling and optimization of helical steel piles as in-ground heat exchangers for Ground-Source Heat Pumps
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Ground source heat pumps are a sustainable way to provide building heating and cooling due to their efficient use of near-constant ground temperatures as mediums for heat exchange. Conventional in-ground heat exchangers are limited by the large size of required borehole field installations and the high economic costs, therefore the pairing of in-ground structural helical piles with these heat exchangers offers a system of geothermal heating and cooling which can be more accessible and lower cost than traditional equipment. In this research, a novel helical steel pile was modelled using a 3-D numerical model and finite element analysis. This model was first validated with experimental data from a double-tube pile, with 24-hr transient operation outlet temperatures accurate within 3%. Finally, the steady state heat exchange rate per unit area was calculated, with the new helical steel pile geometry yielding an increase of 8.6 W/m, 13.2 W/m, and 16.2 W/m (for 2 L/min, 4 L/min, and 8 L/min flowrates respectively) over the validation model.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".